Understanding the EQ spectrum is a daunting task. But learning how to EQ properly is one of the most important skill to learn in audio production.
Equalization is probably on every track in modern recording. There is always something added, cut, or filtered.
You hear jargon like: “Boost this frequency”, “put a notch filter on that”, “cut out the high-end.”
However complicated the jargon may sem, the theory of equalization is a simple one. There are only three simple principles you must adhere to when you are EQ’ing your tracks.
1. Filtering
Filtering means completely cutting out a frequency from a certain frequency.
Filtering out the low or high frequency are the most common. These filters are called either High-pass filters/Low Cuts, or Low-pass filters/High-cuts.
Other filters include band-pass filters and notch filters who either only leave the desired frequency and cuts all the other(band-pass) or completely cuts out one certain frequency(notch).
2. Cutting
Subtractive EQ repairs problematic sounds, meaning that you find the problem frequency and cut down on it, either completely eliminating it or reducing it until it ceases to be a problem.
3. Boosting
Sometimes recorded instruments need a bit more shine in the mix.
Adding to certain key frequencies in a sound source can make them more present or add certain characteristics to the sound source. Examples include adding a lot of 2-4 Khz for a metal-type kick drum or 5 Khz to make the vocal more present.
Simple but Effective
Equalizing, along with compression, is often the first step engineers take when they start their mix. By using these simple principles, these hot-shot engineers paint a picture with equalization, making everything nicely together.
For more mixing tips like these, as well as an in-depth guide on planning the perfect mix, check out Mixing Strategies right here.
Image by: Purple Airplane
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